Different mechanisms have been proposed to justify the tumorigenesis of viruses. For example, the association between human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer has been extensively studied 5. Until now, the role of viruses in many types of cancer has been proven. Therefore, further researches in this field can be very valuable to predict diseases such as malignancies that may occur after infection with the virus in the long term. Considering the wide range of infections with this virus and given that lack of information regarding the pathogenesis and even transmission, there have been concerns about the consequences following infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) identified Covid-19 as a pandemic and called on governments around the world to manage the protection of the population against COVID-19 3, 4. Patients with mild symptoms are reported to recover after one week, while in severe cases, due to virus-induced alveolar damage, they experience progressive respiratory failure which may lead to death 2. Nausea, diarrhea, hemoptysis, runny nose, and phlegm cough are less common. Fever, cough, fatigue, pneumonia, headache, and severe shortness of breath are the most commonly reported symptoms.
#COVID VACCINE CANCER SIDE EFFECT FULL#
The full clinical manifestations are not yet known, as the reported symptoms vary from mild to severe and may lead to death. Our findings suggest that pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most probably malignancy happening after infection with SARS-CoV family.Īs of the late December 2020 over 200 million new Covid-19 cases have been reported, with more than 1,750,000 deaths worldwide 1. According to TCGA database results, these four genes were up-regulated notably in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. STRING and Cytoscape analysis presented four genes, PTEN, CREB1, CASP3, and SMAD3 as the key genes involved in cancer development. The results showed that the main molecular function of up- and down-regulated genes was “double-stranded RNA binding” and actin-binding, respectively. Finally, analysis with GEPIA2 server was carried out to reveal the possible correlation between candidate genes and cancer development. Evaluation with STRING online was applied to predict the functional interactions of proteins, followed by Cytoscape analysis to identify the master genes. Later, the pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology (GO) were used by Enrichr and Shiny GO databases. Identification of differentially expressed genes among defined groups including SARS-CoV, SARS-dORF6, SARS-BatSRBD, and H1N1 were screened where the |Log FC| ≥ 1and p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
To do this, the relevent dataset was selected from GEO database.
This research aimed to evaluate the possible correlation between infection with SARS-CoV viruses and cancer in an in-silico study model. There are concerns about the complications following infection with SARS-CoV-2. Despite the introduction of vaccines against the disease, there is still a long way to completely eradicate it. COVID 19 disease has become a global catastrophe over the past year that has claimed the lives of over two million people around the world.
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